Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death in the world. Angioplasty, heart transplantation, thrombolysis, and coronary bypass are general treatment approaches of cardiovascular diseases. All of these approaches can cause myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MIR) injury that is known to occur on return of blood flow after myocardial infarction (MI). MIR injury fundamentally consists of inflammation-related events and oxidative stress. Many anti-inflammatory and antioxidants are suggested for the treatment of injury. However, despite a better understanding of pathophysiology of MIR injury, the majority of the clinical trials to prevent it have been disappointing. Therefore, this review article provides a brief overview of the potential future natural and synthetic therapies recently published in the research science for the treatment of MIR injury.