Research Article
Determination of the Safe Dose of Aqueous Extract of Apium graveolens L. By Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Study
Kma L1*, Marbaniang C2, Tongbram Chanu M3 and NathSharan R4
Biochemistry Department, North Eastern Hill University (NEHU) Shillong, Meghalaya, India
*Corresponding author: Lakhon Kma, Biochemistry Department, North Eastern Hill University (NEHU) Shillong ,Meghalaya, India E-mail Id: lakhankma@gmail.com
Copyright: © Kma L, et al. 2023. This is an open-access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Article Information: Submission: 29/03/2023; Accepted: 02/10/2023; Published: 07/10/2023
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to determine the safe dose of the aqueous extract of Apium graveolens by acute and sub-acute oral toxicity study in BALB/c.
Methods: The acute toxicity effect of the plant extract was determined by a single oral administration at a dose (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg) and general behavior, adverse effects and mortality were observed for the first 4h up to 72h and compared to the normal group. The sub-acute toxicity effect of the plant the extract was determined by the oral administration at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg for 28 days and their body weight, absolute organ weight; relative organ weight serum and liver biochemical parameters were evaluated and compared to the normal group.
Results: In acute toxicity, treatment with aqueous leaf extract of Apium graveolens showed no mortality, suggesting its median lethal dose (LD50) is >2000 mg/kg b.w. However, general signs of discomforts were observed at doses 500 and 1000mg/kg b.w. In sub-acute toxicity, no significant changes were observed in most of the tested parameters at a dose 200mg/kg b.w. However, major significant changes were observed in the group treated at doses 400mg/ kg b.w such as body weight, organ weight, ROW as well as in biochemical parameters, in particular SGPT, SGOT, Uric acid, ALP, LDH, hepatic oxidative stress markers and fasting lipid profile when compared to control group.
Conclusion: For further studies that required prolonged exposure of more than 28 days, we suggest a dose ≤200mg/kg b.w of Apium graveolens aqueous extract.
Methods: The acute toxicity effect of the plant extract was determined by a single oral administration at a dose (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg) and general behavior, adverse effects and mortality were observed for the first 4h up to 72h and compared to the normal group. The sub-acute toxicity effect of the plant the extract was determined by the oral administration at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg for 28 days and their body weight, absolute organ weight; relative organ weight serum and liver biochemical parameters were evaluated and compared to the normal group.
Results: In acute toxicity, treatment with aqueous leaf extract of Apium graveolens showed no mortality, suggesting its median lethal dose (LD50) is >2000 mg/kg b.w. However, general signs of discomforts were observed at doses 500 and 1000mg/kg b.w. In sub-acute toxicity, no significant changes were observed in most of the tested parameters at a dose 200mg/kg b.w. However, major significant changes were observed in the group treated at doses 400mg/ kg b.w such as body weight, organ weight, ROW as well as in biochemical parameters, in particular SGPT, SGOT, Uric acid, ALP, LDH, hepatic oxidative stress markers and fasting lipid profile when compared to control group.
Conclusion: For further studies that required prolonged exposure of more than 28 days, we suggest a dose ≤200mg/kg b.w of Apium graveolens aqueous extract.
Keywords:Apium graveolens; Aqueous Extract; Toxicity Study; Behavioral Changes; Serum and Tissue Analysis