Research Article
Comparison of Some Physical Chemical Properties of Wheat Germ Oils Obtained By Cold Press and Super Carbon Dioxide Extraction Method
Derya Duran*
*Corresponding author: Derya Duran, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Food Engineering, TurkeyYazır region, Akkonak street, Gesapark City Selcuklu/Konya, Turkey; E-mail: derya.orn@gmail.com
Article Information: Submission: 18/11/2019; Accepted: 27/12/2019; Published: 31/12/2019
Copyright: © 2019 Duran D. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
In this study, moisture, free fatty acids, peroxide, iodine number, the amount of unsaponifiable matter, saponification number, fatty acid composition
and sterol analyzes were carried out to determine physicochemical properties of germ oils obtained by cold press and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction
method. While the maximum oil yield was found to be 1% as a result of cold pressing process to obtain oil from germ raw material, the maximum oil yield
was found to be 9% as a result of the supercritical carbon dioxide process which is another one of the oil extraction methods. The dominant fatty acids in the
samples were palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid. And these values were for cold press and SC-CO2 extraction wheat germ oil respectively; for palmitic acids
16,751% and 17,208%, for oleic acids 17, 065% and17,255%, for linoleic acids 54,789% and 54,339% determined. When sterol analysis of oils extracted by
both methods is examined, campasterol and beta sitosterol are seen to be the main sterol varieties found in the oils. In germ oils obtained with cold press and
supercritical carbon dioxide extraction methods, respectively, 24,19 and 23,44% campesterol, and 60,98 and 61,56% beta sitosterol were found. This study
showed that there was not much difference between fatty acid compositions and sterol composition between extracted oils in both extraction methods, but
that there were differences in free fatty acids and peroxide values. Cold press wheat germ oil peroxide value was found 8.90 meqO2/kg oil whereas SC-CO2
peroxide value was found 15.80 meqO2/kg oil.
